What are the two basic types of instrument approach procedures?

The correct categorization of instrument approach procedures revolves around distinguishing between precision and non-precision approaches. Precision approaches involve the use of advanced navigational aids, such as ILS (Instrument Landing System), which provide both lateral and vertical guidance to pilots. This type of approach allows for highly accurate landings, particularly under low visibility conditions.

In contrast, non-precision approaches do not provide this level of guidance. They rely on simpler navigational aids, such as VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) or NDB (Non-Directional Beacon), which guide pilots laterally but do not offer vertical descent information. Consequently, non-precision approaches typically require greater vigilance from pilots and often necessitate a higher minimum descent altitude.

Understanding this distinction is essential for pilots and aviation professionals, as it directly impacts flight planning, approach selection, and safety during landing procedures.