What is the name of the military radio navigation system that operates on principles similar to VOR?

The military radio navigation system that operates on principles similar to VOR is known as TACAN, which stands for Tactical Air Navigation. TACAN provides accurate bearing and range information to aircraft, aiding in navigation and approach to landing, much like VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) does for civilian aircraft.

TACAN transmits signals in two different modes: one for distance measurement and the other for determining the aircraft's bearing relative to the station. This dual functionality allows TACAN to provide both range and azimuth information, making it a highly useful tool for military pilots in navigation, especially in environments where precision and situational awareness are critical.

Other options like GPS (Global Positioning System) represent a satellite-based navigation system and do not operate on the same principles as VOR. ILS (Instrument Landing System) is designed primarily for precision landing approaches, while NAVAID (Navigational Aid) is a general term that encompasses various types of navigation aids but does not specify a system with the same principles as VOR. Therefore, TACAN stands out as the correct choice for a military navigation system akin to VOR.